September 27
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September 27 is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 95 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
489 – Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona, and is defeated again.
1331 – The Battle of Płowce between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order is fought.
1540 – The Society of Jesus (the Jesuits ) receives its charter from Pope Paul III .
1590 – Pope Urban VII dies 13 days after being chosen as the Pope , making his reign the shortest papacy in history .
1605 – The armies of Sweden are defeated by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm .
1669 – The Venetians surrender the fortress of Candia to the Ottomans , thus ending the 21-year long Siege of Candia .
1777 – Lancaster, Pennsylvania is the capital of the United States , for one day.
1821 – Mexico gains its independence from Spain .
1822 – Jean-François Champollion announces that he has deciphered the Rosetta stone .
1825 – The Stockton and Darlington Railway opens, and begins operation of the world's first service of locomotive -hauled passenger trains.
1854 – The steamship SS Arctic sinks with 300 people on board. This marks the first great disaster in the Atlantic Ocean .
1903 – Wreck of the Old 97 , a train crash made famous by the song of the same name.
1905 – The physics journal Annalen der Physik published Albert Einstein 's paper "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?", introducing the equation E=mc² .
1908 – The first production of the Ford Model T automobile was built at the Piquette Plant in Detroit, Michigan .
1916 – Iyasu is proclaimed deposed as ruler of Ethiopia in a palace coup in favor of his aunt Zauditu .
1922 – King Constantine I of Greece abdicates his throne in favor of his eldest son, King George II .
1928 – The Republic of China is recognised by the United States .
1930 – Bobby Jones wins the U.S. Amateur Championship to complete the Grand Slam of golf. The old structure of the grand slam was the U.S. Open , British Open , U.S. Amateur , and British Amateur .
1937 – Balinese Tiger declared extinct.
1938 – Ocean liner Queen Elizabeth launched in Glasgow .
1940 – World War II : The Tripartite Pact is signed in Berlin by Germany , Japan and Italy .
1941 – The SS Patrick Henry is launched becoming the first of more than 2,700 Liberty ships .
1941 – Foundation of EAM (National Liberation Front) in Greece.
1942 – Last day of the September Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps troops barely escape after being surrounded by Japanese forces near the Matanikau River .
1944 – The Kassel Mission results in the largest loss by a USAAF group on any mission in World War II .
1949 – The first Plenary Session of the National People's Congress approves the design of the Flag of the People's Republic of China .
1954 – The nationwide debut of Tonight! (The Tonight Show) hosted by Steve Allen on NBC .
1956 – USAF Captain Milburn G. Apt becomes the first man to exceed Mach 3 while flying the Bell X-2 . Shortly thereafter, the craft goes out of control and Captain Apt is killed.
1959 – Nearly 5000 people die on the main Japanese island of Honshū as the result of a typhoon .
1961 – Sierra Leone joins the United Nations .
1964 – The Warren Commission releases its report, concluding that Lee Harvey Oswald , acting alone, assassinated President John F. Kennedy .
1964 – The British TSR-2 aircraft XR219 made its maiden flight from Boscombe Down in Wiltshire .
1968 – The stage musical Hair opened at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London , where it played 1,998 performances until its closure was forced by the roof's collapsing in July 1973 .
1977 – The 300 metre tall CKVR-TV transmission tower in Barrie , Ontario , Canada is hit by a light aircraft in a fog, causing it to collapse. All aboard the aircraft are killed.
1979 – The United States Department of Education receives final approval from the U.S. Congress to become the 13th US Cabinet agency.
1983 – Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free Unix-like operating system .
1986 – Clifford Lee Burton of Metallica dies in tour bus accident.
1988 – The National League for Democracy , led by Aung San Suu Kyi is founded.
1993 – The Sukhumi massacre takes place in Abkhazia .
1995 – The Government of the United States unveils the first of its redesigned bank notes with the $100 bill featuring a larger portrait of Benjamin Franklin slightly off-center.
1996 – In Afghanistan , the Taliban capture the capital city Kabul after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah .
1996 – The Julie N. tanker skip crashes into the Million Dollar Bridge in Portland, Maine spilling thousands of gallons of oil.
1997 – Communications are suddenly lost with the Mars Pathfinder space probe.
2002 – Timor-Leste (East Timor) joins the United Nations .
2003 – Smart 1 satellite is launched.
2008 – CNSA astronaut Zhai Zhigang becomes the first Chinese person to perform a spacewalk while flying on Shenzhou 7 .
Births
823 – Ermentrude of Orléans , consort of Charles the Bald (d. 869)
1275 – John II of Brabant (d. 1312)
1389 – Cosimo de Medici , Italian Patron of the Arts (d. 1464)
1544 – Takenaka Shigeharu , Japanese samurai (d. 1579)
1601 – King Louis XIII of France (d. 1643)
1627 – Jacques Benigne Bossuet , French bishop (d. 1704)
1643 – Solomon Stoddard , American Puritan clergyman
1696 – St. Alphonsus Liguori , Italian founder of the Redemptionist order (d. 1787)
1719 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner , German mathematician (d. 1800)
1722 – Samuel Adams , American revolutionary leader (d. 1803)
1729 – Michael Denis , Austrian poet (d. 1800)
1772 – Martha Jefferson Randolph , daughter of Thomas Jefferson (d. 1836)
1803 – Samuel Francis du Pont , American admiral (d. 1865)
1805 – George Müller , Prussian orphanage builder (d. 1898)
1818 – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe , German chemist (d. 1884)
1821 – Henri Frederic Amiel , Swiss writer (d. 1881)
1824 – William "Bull" Nelson , American Civil War general (d. 1862)
1830 – William Babcock Hazen , American Civil War general (d. 1887)
1840 – Thomas Nast , German-born political cartoonist (d. 1902)
1842 – Alphonse Francois Renard , Belgian geologist (d. 1903)
1843 – Gaston Tarry , French mathematician (d. 1913)
1861 – Corinne Roosevelt Robinson , sister of US President Theodore Roosevelt (d. 1933)
1864 – Andrej Hlinka , Slovak politician and Catholic Priest (d. 1938)
1866 – Eurosia Fabris , Italian Catholic Blessed (d. 1932)
1871 – Grazia Deledda , Italian writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1936)
1879 – Hans Hahn , Austrian mathematician (d. 1934)
1879 – Cyril Scott , English composer (d. 1970)
1885 – Harry Blackstone, Sr. , American magician (d. 1965)
1894 – Olive Tell , American actress (d. 1951)
1894 – Lothar von Richthofen German pilot (d. 1922)
1895 – Woolf Barnato , British racing driver (d. 1948)
1896 – Sam Ervin , American politician (d. 1985)
1898 – Vincent Youmans , American composer and producer (d. 1946)
1904 – Edvard Kocbek , Slovenian poet, author and politician (d. 1981)
1906 – William Empson , British poet (d. 1984)
1906 – Jim Thompson , American author (d. 1977)
1907 – Maurice Blanchot , French philosopher (d. 2003)
1907 – Bhagat Singh , Indian freedom fighter (d. 1991)
1911 – John Harvey , actor (d. 1982)
1911 – Marcey Jacobson , American photographer (d. 2009)
1913 – Albert Ellis , American psychologist (d. 2007)
1916 – Frank Handlen , American artist
1916 – S. Yizhar (aka Yizhar Smilansky), Israeli author (d. 2006)
1917 – Louis Auchincloss , American novelist (d. 2010)
1917 – William T. Orr , American television producer (d. 2002)
1918 – Martin Ryle , English radio astronomer, Nobel laureate (d. 1984)
1919 – James H. Wilkinson , American mathematician (d. 1986)
1919 – Johnny Pesky , American baseball player
1919 – Charles Percy . American politician
1920 – William Conrad , American actor (d. 1994)
1920 – Jayne Meadows , American actress
1921 – Milton Subotsky , American TV and film producer (d. 1991)
1922 – Carl Ballantine , American actor
1922 – Arthur Penn , American director
1924 – Bernard Waber , American author
1924 – Fred Singer , American scientist
1924 – Bud Powell , American jazz pianist (d. 1966)
1924 – Josef Škvorecký , Czech writer and exulant publisher
1927 – Romano Scarpa , Italian comic book artist
1927 – Steve Stavro , Canadian businessman (d. 2006)
1929 – Barbara Murray , English actress
1931 – Freddy Quinn , Austrian singer
1932 – Roger C. Carmel , American actor (d. 1986)
1932 – Michael Colvin , Canadian singer
1932 – Oliver E. Williamson , American economist
1932 – Yash Chopra , Indian director
1932 – Geoff Bent , English footballer (d. 1958)
1933 – Will Sampson , American actor (d. 1987)
1933 – Greg Morris , American actor (d. 1996)
1933 – Rodney Cotterill , Danish-English physicist (d. 2007)
1934 – Wilford Brimley , American actor
1934 – Claude Jarman Jr. , American actor
1934 – Dick Schaap , American sports reporter (d. 2001)
1936 – Don Cornelius , American television host
1936 – Gordon Honeycombe , British playwright
1939 – Ioannis Banias , Greek politician
1939 – Carol Lynn Pearson , American poet and writer
1939 – Kathy Whitworth , American golfer
1940 – Benoni Beheyt , Belgian cyclist
1941 – Serge Ménard , Québécois politician
1941 – Peter Bonetti , English footballer
1941 – Gay Kayler Ashcroft, Australian country music singer
1942 – Dith Pran , Cambodian-born photojournalist (d. 2008)
1942 – Alvin Stardust , English singer
1943 – Randy Bachman , Canadian musician
1943 – Amedeo, 5th Duke of Aosta , Italian aristocrat
1945 – Jack Goldstein , Canadian-born artist (d. 2003)
1945 – Kay Ryan , American poet
1945 – Bob Spiers , British television director (d. 2008)
1945 – Max Boyce , Welsh comedian
1946 – Robin Nedwell , English comedy actor (d. 1999)
1946 – T.C. Cannon , Kiowa -Caddo -Choctaw artist (d. 1978)
1947 – Barbara Dickson , Scottish singer
1947 – Denis Lawson , Scottish actor
1947 – Meat Loaf , American singer
1947 – Liz Torres , American actress and singer
1948 – Michele Dotrice , English actress
1948 – Duncan Fletcher , Rhodesia and Zimbabwe cricketer and coach
1948 – A Martinez , American actor
1948 – Tom Braidwood , Canadian actor
1948 – John K. Reed, American coral biologist
1948 – Les Chapman , English footballer and football manager
1949 – Graham Richardson , Australian politician
1949 – Mike Schmidt , American baseball player
1949 – Jahn Teigen , Norwegian singer
1950 – Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa , Japanese actor
1951 – Jim Shooter , American comic book writer
1951 – Paul Craig , British law professor
1951 – Michel Rivard , Québécois singer and composer (Beau Dommage )
1952 – Didier Dubois , French mathematician
1952 – Dumitru Prunariu , Romanian cosmonaut
1952 – André Viger , French Canadian marathoner
1953 – Diane Julie Abbott , British politician
1953 – Mata Amritanandamayi , Indian religious leader
1953 – Claudio Gentile , Italian footballer
1954 – Ray Hadley , Australian radio broadcaster
1958 – Shaun Cassidy , American singer
1959 – Beth Heiden , American speed skater
1960 – Barron Lerner , American physician and historian
1960 – Jean-Marc Barr , French-American actor and director
1961 – Irvine Welsh , Scottish writer
1961 – Andy Lau , Hong Kong actor and singer
1964 – Stephan Jenkins , American singer (Third Eye Blind )
1965 – Ricky Fuji , Japanese professional wrestler
1965 – Steve Kerr , American basketball player
1965 – Peter MacKay , Canadian political leader
1965 – Alexis Stewart , American radio personality
1965 – Bernard Lord , Premier of New Brunswick
1966 – Uche Okechukwu , Nigerian international football player
1968 – Patrick Muldoon , American actor
1970 – Yoshiharu Habu , Japanese professional shogi player
1970 – Tamara Taylor , American actress(Bones )
1971 – Li Yapeng , Chinese actor
1971 – Amanda Detmer , American actress
1972 – Sylvia Crawley , American basketball player
1972 – Clara Hughes , Canadian cyclist
1972 – Gwyneth Paltrow , American actress
1972 – Craig L. Rice , American Politician
1975 – Thanos Petrelis , Greek singer
1976 – Dean Butterworth , English musician
1976 – Matt Harding , American video game developer
1976 – Jason Phillips , American baseball player
1976 – Francesco Totti , Italian footballer
1977 – Andrus Värnik , Estonian javelin thrower
1978 – Jon Rauch , American baseball player
1979 – Jon Garland , American baseball player
1979 – La'Myia Good , American singer and actress
1979 – Zita Görög , Hungarian actress and model
1979 – Christian Jones , Australian racing driver
1979 – Steve Simpson , Australian rugby league footballer
1980 – Asashōryū , Mongolian sumo wrestler
1981 – Lakshmipathy Balaji , Indian cricketer
1981 – Sophie Crumb , American comics artist
1981 – Brendon McCullum , New Zealand cricketer
1981 – Cytherea , American adult actress
1982 – Zero Kazama , Japanese-American gameshow host
1982 – Anna Camp , American actress
1982 – Lil Wayne , American rapper
1982 – Darrent Williams , American football player (d. 2007)
1983 – Travis MacRae , Canadian singer-songwriter
1983 – Shermon Tang , Hong Kong actress
1983 – Jeon Hye Bin , Korean actress
1984 – Paul Bevan , Australian rules footballer
1984 – John Lannan , American baseball player
1984 – Avril Lavigne , Canadian singer-songwriter
1985 – Massimo Bertocchi , Canadian decathlete
1986 – Vin Mazzaro , American baseball player
1986 – Ricardo Risatti , Argentine racing driver
1989 – Park Tae-Hwan , South Korean swimmer
1992 – Jake Burbage , American actor
1995 – Lina Leandersson , Swedish actress
1996 – Iman bint Al Abdullah II , princess of Jordan
1996 – Daeg Faerch , Danish-born Canadian actor
Deaths
1249 – Count Raymond VII of Toulouse (b. 1197)
1304 – John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey , English soldier (b. 1231)
1404 – William of Wykeham , English bishop (b. 1320)
1557 – Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (b. 1497)
1590 – Pope Urban VII (b. 1521)
1615 – Arbella Stuart , English noblewoman (b. 1575)
1651 – Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria (b. 1573)
1660 – Vincent de Paul , French saint (b. 1580)
1700 – Pope Innocent XII (b. 1615)
1719 – George Smalridge , English Bishop of Bristol (b. 1662)
1730 – Laurence Eusden , English poet (b. 1688)
1735 – Peter Artedi , Swedish naturalist (b. 1705)
1737 – John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester , English privy councillor (b. 1680)
1742 – Hugh Boulter , Irish Archbishop of Armagh (b. 1672)
1783 – Étienne Bézout , French mathematician (b. 1730)
1832 – Karl Christian Friedrich Krause , German philosopher (b. 1781)
1838 – Bernard Courtois , French chemist (b. 1777)
1876 – Braxton Bragg , American Confederate general (b. 1817)
1891 – Ivan Goncharov , Russian author (b. 1812)
1911 – Auguste Michel-Lévy , French geologist (b. 1844)
1915 – Remy de Gourmont , French poet (b. 1858)
1917 – Edgar Degas , French painter (b. 1834)
1921 – Engelbert Humperdinck , German composer (b. 1854)
1940 – Walter Benjamin , German philosopher (b. 1892)
1940 – Julius Wagner-Jauregg , Austrian neuroscientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1857)
1944 – Aimee Semple McPherson , American evangelist (b. 1890)
1956 – Gerald Finzi , English composer (b. 1901)
1956 – Babe Didrikson Zaharias , American athlete (b. 1911)
1956 – William Edward Boeing , American aviation pioneer (b. 1881)
1960 – Sylvia Pankhurst , English suffragette (b. 1882)
1965 – Clara Bow , American actress (b. 1905)
1965 – Sir William Stanier , British railway engineer (b. 1876)
1972 – S. R. Ranganathan , Indian mathematician (b. 1892)
1974 – Silvio Frondizi , Argentine lawyer, assassinated by the Triple A (b. 1907)
1975 – Jack Lang , Australian politician (b. 1876)
1979 – Dame Gracie Fields , British comedian (b. 1898)
1979 – Jimmy McCulloch , Scottish guitarist (b. 1953)
1981 – Robert Montgomery , American actor (b. 1904)
1985 – Lloyd Nolan , American actor (b. 1902)
1986 – Cliff Burton , American bassist (Metallica ) (b. 1962)
1991 – Oona O'Neill , daughter of playwright Eugene O'Neill and 4th wife of Charlie Chaplin (b. 1926)
1993 – Jimmy Doolittle , American general (b. 1896)
1996 – Mohammad Najibullah , President of Afghanistan (b. 1947)
1997 – Walter Trampler , American violist (b. 1915)
1998 – Narita Bryan , Japanese racehorse (b. 1991)
1998 – Doak Walker , American football player (b. 1927)
2003 – Donald O'Connor , American actor (b. 1925)
2004 – John E. Mack , American psychiatrist and author (b. 1929)
2005 – Ronald Golias , Brazilian comedian (b. 1929)
2007 – Kenji Nagai , Japanese photojournalist (b. 1957)
2008 – Mahendra Kapoor , Indian singer (b. 1934)
2009 – Ivan Dykhovichnyy , Russian film director and screenwriter (b. 1947)
2009 – William Safire , American Columnist (b. 1929)
Holidays and observances
External links
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